This article throws light upon the three main forms of business combinations adopted by firms. The forms are: 1. Associations 2. Federations 3. Consolidation. Form # 1. Associations: These are voluntary organisations of traders and businessmen formed to protect and promote their common interests through collective efforts. They act as self- regulators of trading policies and practices. They act as [...]
Business combinations are of two kinds horizontal combinations and vertical combinations. Type # 1. Horizontal Combinations: When competing firms combine with a view to common policies in their operations it is case of horizontal combinations. The primary motive is to remove the rigors of competition and enlarge the scale of their business operations. "Consolidation consists of combining under some single [...]
Total quality management is a management's approach towards the quality; it can be in regard to products, customer satisfaction and employee's satisfaction.. Total Quality Management Contents: Introduction to Total Quality Management Evolution/Origin of Total Quality Management Definition of Total Quality Management Concepts of Total Quality Management Characteristics of TQM Beliefs of TQM Principles of TQM Steps in TQM Implementation Benefits [...]