Job specification is another aspect of job analysis. It describes the type of employee required (in terms of skill, experience, and special attitude, and test scores of various types) and outlines the particular working conditions that are encountered on the job. It is essentially a set of specification about people required on the job. The job specification (in the usual [...]
Downsizing literally means reducing the size of the organisation in order to cut costs, hive off unprofitable operations and improve operational efficiency. In fact, it is a restructuring process to meet the challenges of the environment. In the context of human resource management, downsizing involves elimination of certain jobs with a view to cut pay bill and improves work efficiency. [...]
Stress is the body's response to physical and mental demands. Stress in general is defined as "a physical, chemical, or emotional factor that causes bodily or mental tension and may be a factor in disease causation." The concept of job stress is often confused with challenge, but these concepts are not the same. Challenge energizes us psychologically and physically, and [...]