After reading this article you will learn about:- 1. Meaning of Morale 2. Factors Affecting Morale 3. Forms 4. Measures. Meaning of Morale: Morale is a mental condition and attitude of employees, either individually or in a group which determines their willingness to cooperate. Morale can also be defined as the extent to which an individual's needs are satisfied and [...]
After reading this article you will learn about Departmentation:- 1. Meaning of Departmentation 2. Departmentation (Grouping into Sections, Departments and Higher Administrative Units) 3. Bases. Meaning of Departmentation: We have to divide the work to be performed. First we have to group tasks to form individual jobs. This is called arranging the manageable units for individuals. Then we have to [...]
This article throws light upon the top eight functions of management. The functions are: 1. Planning 2. Organising 3. Staffing 4. Directing 5. Motivating 6. Controlling 7. Co-Ordination 8. Communication. Function # 1. Planning: When management is reviewed as a process, planning is the first function performed by a manager. The work of a manager begins with the setting of [...]