After reading this article you will learn about:- 1. Meaning of Morale 2. Factors Affecting Morale 3. Forms 4. Measures. Meaning of Morale: Morale is a mental condition and attitude of employees, either individually or in a group which determines their willingness to cooperate. Morale can also be defined as the extent to which an individual's needs are satisfied and [...]
Following type of participative forums are common: 1. Works Committee 2. Joint Management Council 3. Joint Council 4. Plant Council 5. Shop Council. Participative Forum: Type # 1. Works Committees: These consist of representatives of employers and workmen in equal number. The representation is for all groups and classes of workmen. The committee has a chairman, a vice chairman, a [...]
This article throws light upon the three important marketing intermediaries in the channels of distribution. The intermediaries are: 1. Retailers 2. Wholesalers 3. Market Logistics. Marketing Intermediary # 1. Retailing: Retailing includes all the activities involved in selling goods or services directly to final consumers for their personal, non-business use. A retailer or retail store is any business enterprise whose [...]