This article throws light upon the five main steps involved in the planning process in an organisation. The steps are: 1. Environment Analysis 2. Determination of Mission and Objectives 3. 'Developing Strategies' 4. Developing Programmes or Action Plans 5. Control Mechanism. Planning Process: Step # 1. Environment Analysis: The external environment covers uncontrollable and unpredictable factors such as technology, market [...]
After reading this article you will learn about Span of Control:- 1. Importance of Span of Control or Supervision 2. Principle of span of control 3. Factors Determining. Importance of Span of Control or Supervision: How many subordinates can a manager supervise or control directly? What should be the span or range of control or supervision is a controversial problem. [...]
After reading this article you will learn about Departmentation:- 1. Meaning of Departmentation 2. Departmentation (Grouping into Sections, Departments and Higher Administrative Units) 3. Bases. Meaning of Departmentation: We have to divide the work to be performed. First we have to group tasks to form individual jobs. This is called arranging the manageable units for individuals. Then we have to [...]