This article throws light upon the seven measures which can help to make appraisals effective. 1. The barrier to subjectivity can be overcome by framing explicit performance criteria against which performance judgments will be made. Managers can also make a number of appraisals instead of one to rule out bias in ratings. 2. The appraisal targets and techniques should be [...]
After reading this article you will learn about:- 1. Meaning of Direction 2. Nature of Direction 3. Importance 4. Principles. Meaning of Direction: Planning and organising provide foundation to the organisation and direction initiates action towards achievement of the goals. Having appointed the work force, managers ensure they work to achieve the organisational standards of performance and in the course [...]
This article throws light upon the top five models of organisation behaviour which represent beliefs about how managers think and act. The models are: 1. Autocratic Model 2. Custodial Model 3. Supportive Model 4. Collegial Model 5. Systems Model. 1. Autocratic Model: This model assumes that workers are lazy and dislike work. They do not assume responsibility for work and [...]