Here is a term paper on ‘Manpower Planning’ for class 11 and 12. Find paragraphs, long and short term papers on ‘Manpower Planning’ especially written for school and college students.
Term Paper on Manpower Planning
Term Paper Contents:
- Term Paper on the Meaning and Definition of Manpower Planning
- Term Paper on the Features of Manpower Planning
- Term Paper on the Objectives of Manpower Planning
- Term Paper on the Steps in Manpower Planning/Process of Manpower Planning
- Term Paper on the Importance of Manpower Planning
Term Paper # 1. Meaning and Definition of Manpower Planning:
Manpower planning may be regarded as the quantitative and qualitative measurement of labour force required in an organisation and planning in relation to manpower may be regarded as establishing objectives to develop human resources in line with broad objectives of the organisation. It is the process of developing and determining objectives, policies and programmes that will develop, utilise and distribute manpower so as to achieve the goals of the organisation.
The major activity of staffing is the procurement of sufficient number of employees to meet the requirements of the organisation from time to time.
Manpower planning may be defined as the replacement planning which analyse labour turnover, recruitment policy, promotion, development and maintenance of employee programmes and assess the future needs of the organisation.
In the words of Coleman Bruce “Manpower planning is the process of determining manpower requirements and the means for meeting these requirements in order to carry out the integrated plans of the organisation.”
According to Macbeth, “Manpower planning involves two stages. The first stage is concerned with detailed planning of manpower requirements for all types and levels of employees throughout the period of the plan. The second stage is concerned with planning of manpower supplies to provide the organisation with the right type of people from time to time from all sources to meet the planned requirements.”
Edwin B.Geisler states, “Manpower planning is the process by which a firm ensures that it has the right number of people and right kind of people, at the right place, at the right time, doing things for which they are economically most useful.”
To quote Edwin B.Flippo, “An executive manpower planning programme can be defined, as an appraisal of an organisation’s ability to perpetuate itself with respect to its management as a determination of measures necessary to provide the essential executive talent.”
Term Paper # 2. Features of Manpower Planning:
An analysis of the above definition reveals the following features of manpower planning:
(a) Manpower planning is a continuous and never ending process as the manpower needs of an organisation change from time to time and planning is necessary to meet changes.
(b) Manpower planning is a comprehensive process. This includes various aspects of manpower management. It ensures the availability of competent people in sufficient number.
(c) It involves the future needs of manpower in the organisation. This includes forecasting of demand for and supply of human resources.
(d) It deals with the utilisation of manpower by indicating various factors like work environment, proper performance appraisal, promotions etc.
(e) It is the major responsibility of the management.
(f) It deals with the initiation of various organisational programmes depending on the demand and supply of manpower resources. If the future needs exceed presently available talent then the gap decides the basis for recruitment and development. The presently available talent exceeds the future needs then it forms the basis for a programme of retirements, demotions and discharge.
(g) To make it effective it should be a total activity which should include the acquisition, utilisation, improvement and preservation of organisation’s human needs.
Term Paper # 3. Objectives of Manpower Planning:
It has two objectives in view.
They are:
(a) Recruitment of qualified hands in sufficient number.
(b) To assess the future needs so that present action can be justified in view of established goals.
Term Paper # 4. Steps in Manpower Planning/Process of Manpower Planning:
Manpower planning is a continuous activity. The manager responsible for manpower planning is to perform continuous exercise regarding employment plan, training and development programme from time to time based on the changes in production like volume of production, unexpected high rate of labour turnover, obsolescence of existing skills etc.
So the management takes the following steps for effective manpower planning:
(1) Job analysis
(2) Skill inventory
(3) Personnel forecasting
(4) Employment plan
(5) Training and development of personnel.
Term Paper # 5. Importance of Manpower Planning:
Manpower planning has been defined as the process by which management determines how the organisation should move from its current manpower position to its desired manpower positions. It ensures the right number of people and right type of people is available to the organisation for doing the right jobs at the right time. The constant change in the organisation results in the change for the requirement of manpower.
Manpower planning is essential due to the following reasons:
(a) To Keep Control over Manpower Cost:
Next to raw materials cost, manpower cost is the most important and significant cost. Overstaffing can make the organisation sick. So proper control over manpower is important.
(b) Increase in the Size of the Organisation:
Growth is normal in every organisation. Most of the organisations grow with time. This may involve normal growth in the existing line of activity or new lines of activity. Employees are needed at the worker level and executive level for sustaining the growth. Manpower planning helps in recruiting correct number and the right type of people.
(c) Adjustment in Existing Situations:
It plays a significant role in taking stock of manpower at all times. In every organisation people are employed for jobs for which they are not suitable. Some jobs may not be getting proper manpower support. Manpower planning helps to adjust these current maladjustments.
(d) Normal Depletion of Manpower Stock:
Every year many employees pass away, retire or leave the organisation for better opportunities. This results in depletion of manpower. To fill up these vacancies manpower planning is needed.
(e) To Maintain Good Industrial Relations:
This helps the-management in developing good employer-employee relationship. In modernising a plant, some workers may become redundant. Suitable estimates can be made well in advance to avoid any dislocation in employment. This will avoid industrial dispute and unrest. A smooth and peaceful transition can take place.
(f) Manpower Development:
Manpower development is the necessary corollary to manpower planning. The new recruits and the existing employees must be exposed to training to update their knowledge. Based on requirements the type of training and the targeted audience for training is identified. So manpower planning is responsible for manpower development.
(g) Important Aid to Management:
Manpower planning is considered as an important aid to management in framing the training and development programmes for the employees because it takes into account the efforts of anticipated changes in technology, markets and products on manpower requirements, educational and training programme requirements.
(h) Helps in Preparing Succession Plans:
There may be depletion of human resources due to retirement, death and departures. In these situations the management is to formulate managerial succession plans as a part of the replacement planning process. This provides a very good opportunity for identifying and developing managers.